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Research Article
Typology of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms in Northern Senegal: A Mixed Data and Hierarchical Clustering Approach
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
166-180
Received:
9 August 2026
Accepted:
19 August 2026
Published:
9 September 2026
Abstract: Understanding the diversity of aquaculture production systems is essential to designing effective development strategies and targeted public policies. In Senegal, however, few quantitative typological approaches have been used to characterize freshwater fish farms. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the main types of freshwater fish farms using a multivariate approach combining mixed-factorial data analysis and hierarchical principal component analysis. A descriptive analysis of thirty-six farms located in the main production areas of northern Senegal was conducted using quantitative and qualitative variables describing production infrastructure, farming systems, water resources, feeding practices, energy sources, hatchery availability and producer characteristics. The first five dimensions of mixed-factorial data analysis, which explained 59% of the total data variability, were used in the cluster analysis. Four distinct farm typologies were identified: river cage farming systems, groundwater-based tank farming systems, river-fed pond farming systems, and integrated hatchery farming systems. Farm differentiation was primarily driven by production infrastructure, water sources, feeding strategies, hatchery activities, and the level of production integration. The age of fish farmers and their aquaculture experience contributed little to the classification. The typology provides a valuable framework for tailoring extension services, investment priorities, and development policies to the different farm profiles. Additionally, this methodological approach can be applied to other aquaculture contexts and can be strengthened by the integration of economic, zootechnical, health, and environmental indicators in order to promote more resilient and sustainable aquaculture development.
Abstract: Understanding the diversity of aquaculture production systems is essential to designing effective development strategies and targeted public policies. In Senegal, however, few quantitative typological approaches have been used to characterize freshwater fish farms. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the main types of fresh...
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Research Article
The Performance of Three Submergence-Tolerant Rice Varieties at Different Agro-ecological Submergence Zones in a Riverine Grassland
Navo Yambasu,
Richard Andrew Cooke,
Mohamed Matthew Blango*
,
Alieu Mohamed Bah
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
181-192
Received:
13 August 2026
Accepted:
24 August 2026
Published:
20 September 2026
Abstract: The study was conducted in a riverine grassland along the river Taia/Jong, Njala university, Southern Sierra Leone. It was undertaken with the aim of investigating the performance of three submergence-tolerant rice varieties at different elevation zones in a Riverine grassland. The experimental design had two factors (three rice varieties and six elevation zones) arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in each of two blocks. The rice varieties were Indochine Blanc (Deepwater Floating Rice), FARO 66 and FARO 67 respectively. Yield responses to submergence depth were non-linear and variety?specific: FARO 66 and FARO 67 peaked at intermediate depths (76–143 cm), while Indochine Blanc shows a flatter, lower response with slight improvement under deep water. The study concluded that the strong variety?by?submergence interaction (p < 0.05) revealed that flooding did not act as a blanket constraint, but rather as a filter that distinguished genotypes by their tolerance capacity. While the FARO varieties generally performed best at 143 cm, these average trends were conditional on statistical context. For growers in flood?variable environments, the path to optimal yield lay in deliberately pairing water-depth management with the natural submergence?tolerance strengths of the chosen rice variety. FARO 66 is recommended for areas with stable shallow to medium flooding (up to 150 cm), while FARO 67 is preferable where water levels fluctuate frequently. Indochine Blanc is not suitable for commercial production under the tested conditions due to consistently low yields.
Abstract: The study was conducted in a riverine grassland along the river Taia/Jong, Njala university, Southern Sierra Leone. It was undertaken with the aim of investigating the performance of three submergence-tolerant rice varieties at different elevation zones in a Riverine grassland. The experimental design had two factors (three rice varieties and six e...
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Research Article
Agrivoltaic Systems: Effect of Spacing Between Photovoltaic Panels on Yield and Water Productivity of Onions (Allium Cepa L. var. Galmi Purple) in Senegal
Ayaovi Cyrille Djobo*,
Lamine Diop,
Baboucar Sane
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
193-206
Received:
1 September 2026
Accepted:
14 September 2026
Published:
27 September 2026
Abstract: The integration of agrivoltaic systems into agricultural production has proven to be a way to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, improve the productivity of farmland, and reduce water consumption. In the Niayes region of Senegal, onions remain one of the most widely cultivated crops, but agricultural production in this region relies heavily on fossil fuels. This study, conducted in the village of Kalassane in the northern part of the Niayes region, evaluated the effect of agrivoltaic systems on the agronomic performance of onions. A completely randomized block design was used to test four agrivoltaic configurations: control plots without panels (CT), closely spaced panels (T1), and panels spaced 1.5 and 3 meters apart (T2 and T3, respectively). Analysis of variance revealed no statistically significant differences between treatments (p > 0.05) for any of the variables studied, namely the number of leaves, leaf length, leaf diameter, plant height, bulb diameter, bulb height, bulb weight, yield, and water use efficiency. Nevertheless, numerical variations were observed among the treatments: treatment T3 had the highest values for leaf length (54.37 cm), leaf diameter (1.33 cm), and plant height (61.17 cm) starting at 60 days after planting (DAT), and the lowest values for bulb weight (71.53 g), yield (32.77 t/ha), and water use efficiency (4.2 kg/m3). Conversely, treatment T2 recorded the numerically highest yield (36.37 t/ha) and water use efficiency (4.63 kg/m3), while the control (CT) recorded the highest bulb weight (83.6 g). The absence of a statistically significant reduction in onion agronomic performance under the various configurations tested suggests that agrivoltaic systems can be integrated into onion production in the Niayes region without compromising it, while offering the potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
Abstract: The integration of agrivoltaic systems into agricultural production has proven to be a way to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, improve the productivity of farmland, and reduce water consumption. In the Niayes region of Senegal, onions remain one of the most widely cultivated crops, but agricultural production in this region relies heavily on foss...
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Research Article
Some Aspects of Biology of Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Feeding Behaviour of Larval Instars on Fresh Solanum Spp. Substrates (Solanaceae)
Elono Azang Pierre Stephan*,
Heumou Cyril Romeo,
Akama Pierre Dieudonne,
Alene Desiree Chantal,
Djieto-Lordon Champlain
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
207-218
Received:
28 July 2026
Accepted:
8 August 2026
Published:
28 October 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijaas.20261205.14
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Abstract: The fruits of Solanum spp. (Solanaceae) are attacked by several pests, including the species Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) which is the most dangerous agronomically, causing enormous damage of up to 70% in our country. Life history of Leucinodes orbonalis was studied on different species/varieties of Solanum spp. (S. aethiopicum var. zong, S. aethiopicum var. jakatu, S. melongena var. F1 African beauty and S. tuberosum var. local) at Laboratory of Zoology of the University of Yaounde I at 28±1.44°C, 48±10.07% RH and 929±3.27mb/hPa. Fresh fruits of different species/varieties were obtained in an experimental field set up at the Higher Teacher Training College. Data on development period of immature stage and growth larval parameters were collected. Development stages consist of an egg, five larval instars (from S1 to S5), pupa and adult on fresh fruits of Solanum spp. The average length, the average width and the average weight of the larvae after each stage did not vary significantly from one substrate to another (p≥0.05). Thus, the respective average lengths, widths and weights of the body were 3.5mm, 0.5mm and 3.25mg at S1; 8.12mm, 1.4mm and 10.87mg at S2; 11.0mm, 1.76mm and 17.12mg at S3; 13.37mm, 2.22mm and 29.93mg at S4; 15.87mm, 2.71mm and 59.56mg at S5; 14.03mm, 5.62mm and 57.56mg at the cocoon stage. The average diameter of the head capsules of the larvae did not vary from one substrate to another for all the larval stages (p≥0.05) with 0.42mm at S1, 0.76mm at S2 (with an increase of 0.34 from S1 to S2); 1.13mm at S3 (with increase of 0.37 from S2 to S3); 1.46 at S4 (with increase of 0.33 from S3 to S4) and 1.56mm at S5 (with increase of 0.19 from S4 to S5). Body length, abdomen width and wingspan in females did not vary between substrates (p≥0.05) with mean values of 12.45mm, 2.95mm and 20.25mm respectively. For males, body length and wingspan showed significant variations depending on the substrates (F=10.87; df=3; p=0.003 for length; F=6.03; df=3; p=0.01 for the wingspan) with 11.08mm on the variety F1 african b and 9.61mm on the zong then 18.83mm on the F1 variety and 17.33mm on the zong. The average width (cumulative substrates) was 2.12mm. At cumulative substrates, Body length, abdomen width and wingspan respectively were higher in females compared to males (with 12.45mm, 2.95mm and 20.25mm for females and 10.23mm, 2.12mm and 18.12mm for males). The duration of development from one larval stage to another and from the cocoon stage to the adult stage did not vary from one substrate to another. The average duration of development from the egg stage to S1 was 4.51 days. That of S1 to S2, from S2 to S3, from S3 to S4, from S4 to S5, from S5 to the cocoon stage was respectively 1.00 days, 1.15 days, 1.44 days, 2.28 days, 3.33 days and 11.75 days. The average duration of larval development (from S1 to the cocoon stage) was 9.21 days and the total average duration of development from the egg stage to the adult stage was 25.47 days.
Abstract: The fruits of Solanum spp. (Solanaceae) are attacked by several pests, including the species Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) which is the most dangerous agronomically, causing enormous damage of up to 70% in our country. Life history of Leucinodes orbonalis was studied on different species/varieties of Solanum spp. (S. aethiopi...
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