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Review of Rice Response to Fertilizer Rates and Time of Nitrogen Application in Ethiopia
Tilahun Tadesse,
Zelalem Tadesse
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2019
Pages:
129-137
Received:
2 October 2019
Accepted:
22 October 2019
Published:
12 November 2019
Abstract: Rice productivity in Ethiopia is estimated at 2.8 t ha-1, which is much lower than the World’s average of 4.4 t ha-1. Weeds, pests, soil nutrient deficiencies and terminal moisture stress are the major causes of low rice productivity in Ethiopia. Poor soil fertility is among the major factors limiting the rice production. Appropriate fertilizer application is an important management practice to improve soil fertility and production of rice. Availability of plant nutrients, particularly nitrogen at various plant growth stages is of crucial importance in rice production. Recommendations on different period of nitrogen fertilizer application were given for various production systems. Traditionally, Diammonium phosphate and urea (supplying nitrogen and phosphorus) were the major fertilizers used by farmers in Ethiopia, creating nutrient imbalances in soils. Therefore, to make the soil well supplied with all the plant nutrients in the readily available form and to maintain good soil health, it is necessary to use organic manures in conjunction with inorganic fertilizers to obtain optimum yields. The integrated use of NP and FYM gave higher yields than application of either NP or FYM alone for many crops production. Different experiments were conducted to tackle rice soil fertility constraints. The major focuses of the experiments include inorganic fertilizers application rates, application times and their integration with organic fertilizers. The review paper summarizes the results of the experiments conducted on rice fertilizer rates and timings of nitrogen applications.
Abstract: Rice productivity in Ethiopia is estimated at 2.8 t ha-1, which is much lower than the World’s average of 4.4 t ha-1. Weeds, pests, soil nutrient deficiencies and terminal moisture stress are the major causes of low rice productivity in Ethiopia. Poor soil fertility is among the major factors limiting the rice production. Appropriate fertilizer app...
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Physicochemical Properties of Kakamut Gum (Acacia polyacantha) and Hashab Gum (Acacia senegal): A Comparative Analysis
Annoor Awadasseid,
Idris Musa Adam,
Mayada Jamal,
Farah Khameis Farag Teia
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2019
Pages:
138-143
Received:
1 August 2019
Accepted:
7 October 2019
Published:
25 November 2019
Abstract: The physicochemical properties of the natural Gum are very important in determining their commercial value and their use. Herein, the present study aims to identify differences in physicochemical properties of Kakamut Gum (Acacia polyacntha) and Hashab Gum (Acacia Senegal). Samples of Gums were collected as follows: Kakamut Gum from Um fakarin forest and Hashab Gum from Eldemokeya forest, North Kordofan State 2008 – 2009. The two samples were subjected to laboratory analyzed in Warm Seas Agro Business, Elobeid Agricultural Research Station, and Sudanese Standards and Metrology Organization. The study revealed that there were significant differences (p < 0.01) in moisture (dry matter) and optical rotation. Also, significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the percentage of ash content and viscosity. However, there were no significant differences found in the percentage of the crude fiber, nitrogen (protein), pH, and purity between the two samples. The results obtained demonstrate clearly the physical and chemical characteristics of the two Gums samples and also, throw lights on their nutritional purposes. As well as the study of the physicochemical properties of Kakamut Gum and compare it with Hashab Gum, proved the potential contribution of the Kakamut tree (Acacia Polyacantha) in the Gum production and not depend solely on the Gum produced from the Hashab tree (Acacia Senegal).
Abstract: The physicochemical properties of the natural Gum are very important in determining their commercial value and their use. Herein, the present study aims to identify differences in physicochemical properties of Kakamut Gum (Acacia polyacntha) and Hashab Gum (Acacia Senegal). Samples of Gums were collected as follows: Kakamut Gum from Um fakarin fore...
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Farmers’ Knowledge on Pesticide Application in Vegetable Cultivation
Shekha Nasrin,
Muhammad Humayun Kabir,
Md. Mahbubul Alam,
Md. Saiful Islam
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2019
Pages:
144-151
Received:
21 August 2019
Accepted:
20 September 2019
Published:
4 December 2019
Abstract: The objectives of this study were to describe some selected characteristics of the vegetable farmers; to assess the extent of farmers’ knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation, and to determine the factors that significantly influences farmers’ knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation. The study was conducted with randomly selected 109 vegetable farmers in Ganna union under Jhenaidah sadar upazila of Jhenaidah district. A pre-tested interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents during 10th February to 13th March, 2018. Knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation was the dependent variable and the dependent variable was measured by 15 different questions on knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation and the nine selected characteristics of the respondents considered as the independent variables of the study. Majority (56.8 percent) of the respondents had medium knowledge while 23.9 percent and 19.3 percent of them had low and high knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation. Three characteristics of the respondent’s viz. education, training in vegetable cultivation and extension media contact had significant positive contribution to their knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation. But farm size, land under vegetable cultivation, income from vegetable cultivation, organizational participation and time spend in vegetable cultivation had no significant contribution to their knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation.
Abstract: The objectives of this study were to describe some selected characteristics of the vegetable farmers; to assess the extent of farmers’ knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation, and to determine the factors that significantly influences farmers’ knowledge on pesticide application in vegetable cultivation. The study was conducted w...
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