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Decline in Fish Stock and Livelihood of Small-Scale Fisheries in Shores of Lake Victoria, Tanzania
Yohana James Mgale,
Nicholaus Edward Nikusekela
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
87-91
Received:
28 February 2017
Accepted:
26 May 2017
Published:
30 June 2017
Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyse the decline of fish stock and its effects to the livelihood of small scale fisheries. The study was conducted at Ilemela District in Mwanza region, Tanzania. Data were collected through interview and focus group discussion with the sample size of 84 respondents plus 4 key informants. The SPSS and STATA software were used in analyzing the collected data and information. This study shows that there are significant changes in amounts of fish catches per day by households in all seasons [before and after decline in fish stock in shores of Lake Victoria in Tanzania]. Using descriptive statistics, the catches in low season before decline in fish stock has a mean score of 83.75 as compared to a mean score of 18.33 after decline in fish stock and also catches in high season before decline has a mean score of 158.21 as compared to a mean score of 55.833 after decline this impacted the household on the expenses that depend on the income obtained from fishing activities i.e. purchasing food, clothes, paying hospital bills and school fees. However, illegal fishing and fishing methods i.e. higher temperature caused by climate change, lack of alternative sources of income, population growth and unemployment are major constraints to full exploitation of fishing [production potential] and jeopardizes efforts to improving productivity on the sector. In this regard, government intervention is needed to attract investor or donor in the fish and fishing sector who will provide training to small scale fisheries and ensuring awareness towards fisheries resource in the shores of Lake Victoria and this will reduce the decline of fish stock. In addition, the development partners [provide technical and finances] and government [provide institutional framework, technical and financial] should play great role in protecting fishing in shores of Lake Victoria in Tanzania to ensure that, bylaws are formulated to enforce adoption of improved fishing methods and reduce unemployment rate to youth by investing in high labor absorption sectors i.e. labor intensive industries which will contribute to nation GDP.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyse the decline of fish stock and its effects to the livelihood of small scale fisheries. The study was conducted at Ilemela District in Mwanza region, Tanzania. Data were collected through interview and focus group discussion with the sample size of 84 respondents plus 4 key informants. The SPSS and STATA sof...
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Effect of Feeding Some Evergreen Tropical Browse Plant Leaf on Blood Parameters of Growing Rabbits
Okwori Abel Ibrahim,
Abejeshi Ikienilase Margaret,
Shaahu David Terhemba
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
92-98
Received:
30 March 2017
Accepted:
13 July 2017
Published:
25 July 2017
Abstract: A feeding trial was conducted with thirty (30) weaner rabbits to investigate the nutritive potentials of some evergreen tropical browse plants leaves (Ficcus thoningii, Vitex doniana, Daniela oliveri, Sarcocephalus latifolia). Thirty mixed breed rabbits were used and randomly assigned to five (5) treatments (T1 - T5). The rabbits on Treatment 1 diet were fed concentrate only (control), while those in T2 - T5 were fed as follows; Ficcus thoningii + concentrate of 3% weekly body weight, Vitex doniana + concentrate of 3% weekly body weight, Daniela oliveri + concentrate of 3% weekly body weight, and Sarcocephalus latifolia + concentrate of 3% weekly body weight, respectively. Results of preliminary (analytical) experiments showed that the browse plants contained DE which ranged from 2722.77 to 3180.25kcal, CP from 8.70 to 17.47%, Crude Fibre from 7.32 to 22.08%. The rabbits were fed and given drinking water ad-libitum for the twelve-week experimental duration during which their haematology and serum biochemical indices were evaluated. Of the haematological parameters, significant (P<0.05) differences were observed on Mean corpuscular volume which varied from 65.03 to 81.40x1015/fl, while there were no differences (P>0.05) on other haematological parameters. However, the values were not far from the normal reference values. The diet also had significant (P<0.05) effects on serum biochemical indices such as Total protein which values ranged from 4.17b to 6.37mg/dl and glucose from 77.6-100.10mg/dl. However, these values were similar with the normal reference values.
Abstract: A feeding trial was conducted with thirty (30) weaner rabbits to investigate the nutritive potentials of some evergreen tropical browse plants leaves (Ficcus thoningii, Vitex doniana, Daniela oliveri, Sarcocephalus latifolia). Thirty mixed breed rabbits were used and randomly assigned to five (5) treatments (T1 - T5). The rabbits on Treatment 1 die...
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Dry Matter Yield Potentials of Some Gamba Grass (Andropogon gayanus Kunth.) Accessions in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Benue State, Nigeria
Abel Ibrahim Okwori,
Michael Eghosa Aken’Ova
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
99-103
Received:
8 January 2017
Accepted:
21 January 2017
Published:
9 August 2017
Abstract: Benue state of Nigeria has a high potential for ruminant livestock production with its extensive grass cover of the southern guinea savanna, dominate by gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus kunth). However, this and other grasses have not been evaluated for forage utilization in the state. Investigations were therefore conducted to identify suitable genotypes among the local and introduced grasses. Forage dry matter yields of 20 accessions of A. gayanus, from Benue and neighbouring Kogi states were evaluated at three locations in Benue state: Makurdi (7°43’N, 8°32’E). Otupka (7°04’N, 7°39’E) and Yandev (7°22’N, 9°02’E). forage was harvested every six weeks during the rainy season over two years in a completely randomized design with three replicates. There are significant differences in annual rainy season DM yields of the 20 A. gayanus accessions. At Makurdi, DM yields in t/ha varied from 4.7 (Acc.9) to 14.4 (Acc.2), while at Otukpa yields ranged from 7.7 (Acc.4) to 22.3 (Acc.12) and 5.7 (Acc.9) to 14.9 (Acc.18) at Yandev. Average DM yields over the three sites varied from 1.9 (Acc.3 and Acc.6) to 13.4 (Acc.10). based on the DM production, accessions 10, 11 and 18 may be considered for exploitation in Benue state.
Abstract: Benue state of Nigeria has a high potential for ruminant livestock production with its extensive grass cover of the southern guinea savanna, dominate by gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus kunth). However, this and other grasses have not been evaluated for forage utilization in the state. Investigations were therefore conducted to identify suitable gen...
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